Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 15, Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane Collaboration, tom qab ntawd hu ua Cochrane), lub koom haum kev kawm thoob ntiaj teb rau cov pov thawj-raws li tshuaj, tau taw qhia hauv nws qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshaj plaws uas 50 qhov tseem ceeb tau ua rau ntau tshaj 10,000 tus neeg laus haus luam yeeb thoob ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb muaj. tau ua pov thawj tias e-luam yeeb muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv nicotine tas li thiab lwm yam.
Cochrane piav qhia tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv nicotine e-luam yeeb los txiav luam yeeb yog qhov zoo dua li kev siv cov tshuaj nicotine hloov pauv thiab e-luam yeeb uas tsis suav nrog nicotine.
Xib fwb Peter Hajek, tus kws sau ntawv ntawm Cochrane tshuaj xyuas thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Tobacco Dependence Research Group ntawm poj huab tais Mary University of London, tau hais tias: "Cov ntsiab lus tshiab ntawm e-luam yeeb no qhia tau tias rau ntau tus neeg haus luam yeeb, e-luam yeeb yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau zoo. kev haus luam yeeb.Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias, txog li ob xyoos, tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no pom muaj pov thawj tias kev siv cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg. "
Piv nrog rau lwm yam kev kho mob, nicotine e-luam yeeb muaj kev haus luam yeeb ntau dua.
Founded hauv 1993, Cochrane yog lub koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig muaj npe hauv kev nco txog Archiebald L. Cochrane, tus tsim cov tshuaj pov thawj.Nws kuj tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ywj pheej tshaj plaws-raws li kev kawm kho mob hauv lub ntiaj teb.Txog tam sim no, nws muaj ntau dua 37,000 tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb hauv ntau dua 170 lub teb chaws.Ib.
Lub npe hu ua pov thawj-raws li tshuaj, uas yog, tshuaj raws li cov pov thawj zoo ib yam, txawv ntawm cov tshuaj raws li cov tshuaj empirical.Cov kev txiav txim siab kho mob tseem ceeb yuav tsum ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb zoo tshaj plaws.Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb tshuaj raws li pov thawj yuav txawm ua qhov loj-piv txwv randomized tswj kev soj ntsuam kuaj, kev tshuaj xyuas, meta-analysis, thiab tom qab ntawd faib cov pov thawj tau txais raws li cov qauv, uas yog nruj heev.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, Cochrane pom 50 qhov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm 13 lub tebchaws suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas thiab Tebchaws Askiv, suav nrog 12,430 tus neeg laus haus luam yeeb.Nws tau pom tias nrog kev siv cov tshuaj nicotine hloov pauv (xws li nicotine thaj ua rau thaj, nicotine gum) lossis qib e-luam yeeb uas tsis suav nrog nicotine, ntau tus neeg siv nicotine e-luam yeeb kom txiav luam yeeb yam tsawg rau lub hlis.
Reuters tau tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Cochrane txoj kev tshawb fawb dav: "Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas pom: muaj npe hauv cov pos hniav lossis thaj, e-luam yeeb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau kev txiav luam yeeb."
Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus tseeb, 10 ntawm txhua 100 tus neeg uas txiav luam yeeb siv nicotine e-luam yeeb tuaj yeem txiav luam yeeb tau tiav;Tawm ntawm txhua 100 tus neeg uas txiav luam yeeb siv tshuaj nicotine hloov pauv lossis e-luam yeeb uas tsis suav nrog nicotine, tsuas yog 6 tus neeg tuaj yeem txiav luam yeeb tau tiav, piv nrog rau lwm yam kev kho mob, nicotine e-luam yeeb muaj qhov ntau dua ntawm kev txiav luam yeeb.
Kab lus no, ib tug ntawm cov sau phau ntawv ntawm lub ntsiab lus, xibfwb Caitlin Notley ntawm University of East Anglia's Norwich School of Medicine hauv UK, tau hais tias: "Ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws thiab siv dav los pab tib neeg txiav luam yeeb yog tshem tawm kev haus luam yeeb- ntsig txog kev ntshaw.E-luam yeeb thiab nicotine cov pos hniav thiab cov ntawv nplaum Tus neeg sawv cev txawv.Nws ua raws li kev haus luam yeeb thiab tuaj yeem muab cov neeg haus luam yeeb nrog nicotine, tab sis tsis ua rau cov neeg siv thiab lwm tus neeg haus luam yeeb ntawm cov luam yeeb.
Qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm e-luam yeeb yog tias txawm tias e-luam yeeb tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo tag nrho, lawv tsis muaj teeb meem ntau dua li luam yeeb."Cov Pab Pawg Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Team" tau hais tias "cov pov thawj uas twb muaj lawm qhia tau tias e-luam yeeb thiab lwm yam tshuaj nicotine hloov ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam kev haus luam yeeb."Jamie Hartmann-Boyce tau hais.Nws kuj yog ib tus kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshiab.
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb pom zoo: 1.3 lab tus tib neeg hauv tebchaws Askiv tau ua tiav kev txiav luam yeeb nrog e-luam yeeb
Qhov tseeb, ntxiv rau Cochrane, ntau lub koom haum kev kawm kho mob hauv ntiaj teb tau hloov mus rau hauv cov npe cuam tshuam ntawm "kev haus luam yeeb e-luam yeeb zoo dua" ntawm ntau qib.
Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm New York University hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau pom tias piv nrog cov neeg siv uas tsis tau siv e-luam yeeb, kev siv e-luam yeeb txhua hnub tuaj yeem pab cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv lub sijhawm luv (
Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo tas los, kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej los ntawm University College London (University College London) tau taw qhia tias e-luam yeeb pab 50,000 txog 70,000 tus neeg siv luam yeeb hauv UK kom txiav luam yeeb txhua xyoo.Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm Tebchaws Askiv tseem qhia tau tias tsawg kawg 1.3 lab tus tib neeg tau txiav luam yeeb tag nrho vim yog e-luam yeeb.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau luam tawm los ntawm University College London nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb renowned kev kawm ntawv journal Addiction tau taw qhia tias e-luam yeeb tau pab tsawg kawg yog 50,000 British haus luam yeeb txiav luam yeeb ua tau zoo ib xyoos.
Hais txog kev txhawj xeeb ntawm pej xeem txog kev phom sij ntawm e-luam yeeb, John Britton, xibfwb Emeritus of Respiratory Medicine ntawm University of Nottingham, UK, tau hais tias: "Kev cuam tshuam mus ntev rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm e-luam yeeb yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas lub sijhawm ntev, tab sis. tag nrho cov pov thawj tam sim no qhia tau hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntev ntev ntawm e-luam yeeb nyob deb me dua li luam yeeb. "
Ua ntej thiab tom qab ob xyoos ntawm kev taug qab, tsis muaj pov thawj pom tias cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg lub cev.
Post lub sij hawm: Jan-14-2021